Process:
#1 Open upset → #2 Forming → #3 Separation of inner and outer ring → #4 Piercing inner ring.
#1 Open upset → #2 Forming → #3 Piercing → #4 Separation of inner, outer, and middle ring (DRT mechanism)
#1 Open upset → #2 Forming→ #3 Piercing
#1 Open upset → #2 Pre-forming → #3 Forming → #4 Piercing